超导可视无痛人流术178例临床观察分析

目的：探究超导可视无痛人流术178例临床疗效。方法对照组178例患者给予无痛人工流产术治疗，观察组178例患者给予超导可视无痛人流术，观察对比2组手术时间、宫腔操作时间、术中出血量、术后并发症等情况。结果观察组手术时间、宫腔操作时间及术中出血量分别为（4.1±1.2）min、（1.2±0.4）min、（10.7±2.5）mL，对照组各观察指标分别为（5.8±1.3）min、（1.9±0.5）min、（19.2±2.4）mL，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组术后并发生症率为7.3%，明显低于对照组的25.3%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组未发生宫腔残留，对照组宫腔残留率为7.3%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论在阴道B超可视条件下开展无痛人流术操作，有助于保障手术操作的有效性和安全性，值得临床应用和推广。     

Comparative study of the substantia nigra echogenicity and 123I-Ioflupane SPECT in patients with synucleinopathies with and without REM sleep behavior disorder

ObjectivesHyperechogenicity of the substantia nigra (SN) and abnormal dopamine transporter-single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) are biomarkers commonly used in the assessment of prodromal synucleinopathy. Our goals were as follows: (1) to compare echogenicity of SN in idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) behavior disorder (iRBD), Parkinson's disease (PD) without RBD (PD-noRBD), PD with RBD (PD + RBD), and control subjects; and (2) to examine association between SN degeneration assessed by DAT-SPECT and SN echogenicity.Patients/methodsA total of 61 subjects with confirmed iRBD were examined using Movement Disorders Society-unified PD rating scale (MDS-UPDRS), TCS (transcranial sonography) and DAT-SPECT. The results were compared with 44 patients with PD (25% PD + RBD) and with 120 age-matched healthy subjects.Results and conclusionThe abnormal SN area was found in 75.5% PD, 23% iRBD and 7.3% controls. Median SN echogenicity area in PD (0.27 ± 0.22 cm²) was higher compared to iRBD (0.07 ± 0.07 cm²; p < 0.0001) and controls (0.05 ± 0.03 cm²; p < 0.0001). SN echogenicity in PD + RBD was not significantly different from PD-noRBD (0.30 vs. 0.22, p = 0.15).Abnormal DAT-SPECT was found in 16 iRBD (25.4%) and 44 PD subjects (100%). No correlation between the larger SN area and corresponding putaminal binding index was found in iRBD (r = −0.13, p = 0.29), nor in PD (r = −0.19, p = 0.22).The results of our study showed that: (1) SN echogenicity area in iRBD was higher compared to controls, but the hyperechogenicity was present only in a minority of iRBD patients; (2) SN echogenicity and DAT-SPECT binding index did not correlate in either group; and (3) SN echogenicity does not differ between PD with/without RBD.     

Application of artificial intelligence using a novel EUS-based convolutional neural network model to identify and distinguish benign and malignant hepatic masses

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Substantia nigra echogenicity correlated with clinical features of Parkinson's disease

BackgroundTranscranial sonography can display structural alterations in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and is considered to be a potential useful tool for the diagnosis of PD. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between SN echogenicity and clinical features in Chinese patients with PD.MethodsA total of 420 subjects including 290 patients with PD and 130 controls were recruited from the neurological clinic or the community. Transcranial sonographic evaluations of the SN were performed in all subjects, and motor and non-motor symptoms were thoroughly assessed by a series of rating scales in PD patients.ResultsTwo hundred and one patients were successfully assessed by transcranial sonography. SN hyperechogenicity was found to be associated with male sex (p = 0.004), higher scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part II (p = 0.001) and autonomic symptoms scores (p = 0.003). Moreover, regression analysis revealed that UPDRS part II scores (odds ratio = 1.141, p < 0.001) and gender (odds ratio = 2.409, p = 0.007) could be the independent predictors for SN hyperechogenicity; in addition, among all items of UPDRS part II, speech, dressing, hygiene, and turning in bed and adjusting bed clothes significantly correlated with SN hyperechogenicity.ConclusionsThis is the first report suggesting the correlation between SN echogenicity and UPDRS part II, and we conclude that increased SN echogenicity might reflect more severe disease disability or poorer medical response.     

低温芒硝序贯疗法预防TAPP术后血清肿发生的疗效观察

目的 探讨低温芒硝序贯疗法在预防腹腔镜下经腹腔腹膜前疝修补术（TAPP）后血清肿发生的治疗效果。方法 收集2019年3月至2022年3月在万安县人民医院普外科和中山大学附属第六医院胃肠、疝与腹壁外科收治的120例行TAPP患者的临床资料,利用电脑随机数字表分为试验组与对照组,每组各60例。试验组予以腹股沟区创面200 mL 4 ℃生理盐水冲洗+术后腹股沟区冰敷2 h+术后芒硝外敷2 d的3种联合措施,对照组仅予以TAPP术后常规处理;主要观察指标为两组患者术后血清肿发生率,次要观察指标包括手术时间、下床活动时间、住院天数、住院费用、切口疼痛、VAS评分、恶性呕吐、尿潴留及肠梗阻发生率和远期随访指标包括慢性疼痛、补片感染、疝复发等。结果 试验组和对照组患者血清肿发生率分别为1.7%（1/60）、16.7%（10/60）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,试验组1例属于Ⅰ型;对照组10例中,Ⅰ型6例、Ⅱ型2例、Ⅳ型2例;Ⅳ型血清肿予以B超引导下穿刺抽吸后逐渐缓解,Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型血清肿予以芒硝外敷处理后均好转。试验组患者术后切口疼痛、恶心呕吐、尿潴留发生率分别是5.0%、3.3%、3.3%,低于对照组的16.7%、13.3%、15.0%,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组患者的VAS评分（3.1±0.6）分、下床活动时间（8.5±2.3）h、住院天数（3.5±0.6）d,均低于对照组的（4.8±0.8）分、（13.1±1.7）h、（4.5±1.0）d,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患者手术时间、腹股沟区慢性疼痛、补片感染、肠梗阻、住院费用、疝复发等比较差异均无统计学意义。结论 低温芒硝序贯疗法能够有效预防TAPP术后血清肿发生,明显减轻病人术后疼痛,降低并发症发生率、促进快速康复,不增加病人经济负担。